Tempo tells you how much time to spend in each part of an exercise. It is written as four numbers, with each number representing the number of seconds spent in a specific part of the repetition.
The four numbers represent:
1st number: The lowering phase
2nd number: The pause after lowering
3rd number: The lifting phase
4th number: The pause before beginning the next rep
For example:
Romanian deadlift – 3-1-1-1
Lower the weight for 3 seconds, pause for 1 second at the bottom, return to standing over 1 second, then pause for 1 second before beginning the next rep.
Squat – 1-2-1-1
Lower into the squat for 1 second, pause at the bottom for 2 seconds, return to standing over 1 second, then pause for 1 second before beginning the next rep.
Controlled means performing the exercise at a steady, controlled pace without following a specific timed tempo.
Tempo is there to guide you and help you perform each rep with control and intention. Focus on following the prescribed tempo while maintaining good technique throughout.